Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride has good bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Legionella pneumophila, Trichomyces aquatica and encapsulated and non-encapsulated viruses. Compared with single-chain quaternary ammonium salts, it has great improvement in bactericidal effect and affected factors, can effectively kill bacterial propagans, fungi and lipophilic viruses, has good water solubility and good ability to reduce surface tension, and can be used for preventive disinfection during the prevention and control of new respiratory infectious diseases